Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Synthetic, Multi-Layer, Self-Oscillating Vocal Fold Model Fabrication
Published on: December 2, 2011
Vocal intensity in falsetto phonation of a countertenor: an analysis by synthesis approach
1Department of Speech Communication, California State University Fullerton, 92831, USA.
Abstract:
An analysis by synthesis paradigm was implemented to model glottal airflow and vocal tract acoustics for the falsetto phonation of a trained countertenor. Changes in vocal intensity were measured as a function of subglottal pressure, open quotient of the time-varying glottal airflow pulse, and formant tuning. The contributions of laryngeal adduction (open quotient of the glottal flow pulse) and of formant tuning to intensity change were derived from modeled data. The findings were: (1) Subglottal pressure accounted for almost 90% of the variation in SPL in falsetto phonation. (2) The open quotient of the glottal flow pulse was remarkably constant in these falsetto phonations, and thus did not affect vocal intensity significantly. (3) Formant tuning occurred in two out of nine possibilities for the vowel /a/. These instances did not support the concept of systematic exploitation of formant tuning.
Related Concept Videos
IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations
Sound Intensity
Sound Intensity Level
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and hence a...
Intensity and Pressure of Sound Waves
Unlike the time average of a sinusoidal term, which is zero since it is positive and...
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
Larynx
Anatomy of the Larynx
The larynx consists of various components, including cartilage, muscles, and vocal cords. Its structure includes three large unpaired cartilages—the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis—and three smaller paired cartilages—the arytenoids, corniculates, and...

