Thoracic epidural anesthesia for off-pump coronary artery bypass without intubation

Thoracic epidural anesthesia without intubation was used in 10 patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery reconstruction performed through median sternotomy. Considering the preoperative finding of impaired pulmonary function, all were moderate-risk patients for surgery using conventional general anesthesia with intubation. All patients had an uneventful postoperative course. In indicated cases, we regard thoracic epidural anesthesia as a suitable method again modifying the term "minimally invasive" in cardiac surgery.