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Identification and its relation to identity development.

P Cramer1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA. phebe.cramer@williams.edu

Journal of Personality
|September 29, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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This study explored how parent identification and defense identification influence identity status in individuals. Findings reveal distinct relationships based on gender, highlighting the complex interplay of these factors in identity development.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Identity status is a key concept in developmental psychology.
  • Identification, encompassing both developmental processes and defense mechanisms, plays a crucial role in shaping identity.
  • Understanding these nuances is vital for comprehending adolescent and adult development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between two distinct meanings of identification (developmental and defense) and identity status.
  • To examine how parental identification and defense identification differentially predict Marcia's four identity statuses.
  • To explore potential gender differences in these relationships.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed parent identification by comparing participants' "ideal self" Q-sort with their parents' Q-sorts.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measured defense identification using TAT stories and Cramer's Defense Mechanism Manual.
  • Determined identity statuses based on Marcia's categories using Mallory's prototypes and the California Adult Q-sort.

    • Main Results:

    • The four identity statuses were found to be differentially predicted by parent identification and defense identification.
    • An interaction effect between parent identification and defense identification significantly predicted identity status.
    • The nature of these predictive relationships varied between genders.

    Conclusions:

    • Both developmental and defense aspects of identification are significant predictors of identity status.
    • The interplay between parent and defense identification is complex and gender-dependent.
    • Findings suggest caution when generalizing these results to diverse populations.