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Related Experiment Videos

Menstrual effects on asymmetrical olfactory acuity.

S E Purdon1, S Klein, P Flor-Henry

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. Scot.Purdon@amhb.ab.ca

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS
|September 29, 2001
PubMed
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Hormone levels influence brain function. This study shows that changes in gonadal hormones during the menstrual cycle affect olfactory perception and cerebral laterality, suggesting dynamic brain responses.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Gender differences in cognitive tasks are often attributed to fixed brain specialization.
  • Dynamic hormonal changes, particularly gonadal hormones after puberty, may also influence cognitive function and brain lateralization.
  • Previous research suggests links between menstrual cycle hormone fluctuations and cognitive task performance, including visual field perception shifts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate prospective changes in olfactory acuity across different menstrual cycle phases.
  • To examine the relationship between olfactory perception asymmetry and circulating levels of estradiol and progesterone.
  • To explore potential competitive influences of estradiol and progesterone on cerebral lateralization shifts.

Main Methods:

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  • Recruited 11 healthy women to participate in the study.
  • Measured olfactory acuity using a modified Connecticut Chemosensory Perception Exam (CCPE) during menstrual, ovulatory, and midluteal phases.
  • Collected blood samples for estradiol and progesterone assays prior to CCPE testing.

Main Results:

  • Olfactory acuity showed distinct patterns across the menstrual cycle, with right nostril preference during menstruation (low hormones) and left nostril preference during ovulation (high estradiol, low progesterone).
  • No asymmetry was observed during the midluteal phase (decreasing estradiol, increasing progesterone).
  • Preliminary analyses indicated a potential competitive interaction between estradiol and progesterone affecting cerebral lateralization.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic changes in relative cerebral hemisphere advantages are temporally related to fluctuations in circulating gonadal hormones.
  • Hormonal influences on cognitive tasks, such as olfactory perception, highlight the dynamic nature of brain lateralization.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate specific causal relationships between hormones and brain lateralization.