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Hospitalizations for pediatric intoxication in Washington State, 1987-1997.

F Gauvin1, B Bailey, S L Bratton

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Washington School of Medicine and Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, USA.

Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
|October 18, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Hospitalizations for child intoxication decreased over 11 years, with pharmaceutical agents most common. Teenage girls remain a high-risk group for self-inflicted ingestions, requiring targeted suicide prevention efforts.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine
  • Toxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Childhood intoxication necessitates significant hospitalizations, contributing to morbidity.
  • Understanding trends in pediatric poisoning is crucial for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze changes in pediatric hospitalization rates for intoxication from 1987 to 1997 in Washington State.
  • To examine ingestion circumstances, agents, length of stay, charges, and mortality associated with pediatric intoxications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Comprehensive Hospital Abstract Reporting System (CHARS) database for Washington State hospital discharges.
  • Included all patients under 19 years with intoxication diagnoses or external cause of injury codes.
  • Analyzed data from 1987 to 1997.

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Main Results:

  • A significant decrease in the annual hospitalization rate for pediatric intoxication was observed.
  • Pharmaceutical agents, particularly analgesics, were most common; non-pharmaceuticals were more frequent in younger children.
  • Self-inflicted intoxication was the leading cause (47%), associated with higher costs and longer stays; mortality was low (0.2%).

Conclusions:

  • Acute intoxication remains a significant pediatric hospitalization cause, with unchanged agent types over time.
  • Teenage girls represent the highest-risk group for suicide attempts via ingestion.
  • Targeted suicide prevention strategies, especially for adolescent females, are essential despite overall mortality reduction.