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Related Experiment Videos

Proteinuria in obstructive sleep apnea.

L F Casserly1, N Chow, S Ali

  • 1Renal Units, Evans Memorial Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. lfc@bu.edu

Kidney International
|September 29, 2001
PubMed
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Proteinuria is uncommon in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Nephrotic-range proteinuria in patients with OSA warrants a thorough renal evaluation, as it is unlikely to be caused by sleep apnea alone.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Previous studies suggest a link between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and proteinuria.
  • Prior research had limitations in accurately assessing proteinuria and controlling for confounders like obesity.
  • Excluding underlying renal disease in OSA patients with nephrotic-range proteinuria was challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and proteinuria.
  • To accurately assess proteinuria in patients with OSA.
  • To identify predictors of proteinuria in patients with OSA.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study measured spot urine protein/creatinine ratio in 148 patients referred for polysomnography.
  • Patients were non-diabetic and treatment-naïve for OSA.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Proteinuria levels were compared across four OSA severity groups based on apnea-hypopnea index.

    • Main Results:

    • The median urine protein/creatinine ratio was <0.2 across all OSA severity levels.
    • Only 8 out of 148 subjects had a ratio >0.2.
    • Older age and hypertension were independent predictors of increased urine protein/creatinine ratio, while BMI and apnea-hypopnea index were not associated.

    Conclusions:

    • Clinically significant proteinuria is infrequent in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
    • Nephrotic-range proteinuria in OSA patients should prompt a comprehensive renal workup.
    • Proteinuria in OSA patients is unlikely to be solely attributable to the sleep apnea itself.