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Parents as distraction coaches during i.v. insertion: a randomized study

C Kleiber1, M Craft-Rosenberg, D C Harper

  • 1Children's Hospital of Iowa, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52240, USA.

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
|September 29, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Parents receiving Distraction Education before medical procedures increased their use of distraction techniques. While child distress and pain levels showed no immediate group differences, a trend suggested reduced distress over time in the intervention group.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric healthcare
  • Medical procedure coping strategies
  • Parental education

Background:

  • Medical procedures like intravenous catheter (IV) insertion can cause distress in preschool children.
  • Parental involvement in managing child distress during procedures is crucial.
  • Existing interventions often focus solely on the child, neglecting parental roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a brief Distraction Education intervention for parents before pediatric IV insertion.
  • To assess the impact of parental distraction techniques on child behavioral distress and pain.
  • To explore parental engagement in distraction during medical procedures.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 44 preschool children requiring IV insertion.
  • The experimental group received Distraction Education; the control group received standard care.
  • Behavioral distress and self-reported pain were measured during two phases of the IV procedure.

Main Results:

  • Parents in the Distraction Education group used significantly more distraction techniques during both procedure phases (P < 0.001).
  • No significant group differences were found in child behavioral distress or self-reported pain.
  • A trend indicated that children in the experimental group showed decreased behavioral distress over time (P = 0.07), with a significant decrease observed (P = 0.02).

Conclusions:

  • Distraction Education empowers parents to effectively use distraction techniques during pediatric medical procedures.
  • While immediate reductions in child distress were not observed, the intervention shows potential for long-term distress management.
  • Parental education is a valuable strategy for supporting children through invasive medical procedures.

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