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Chloride persistence in a deiced access road drainage system.

D W Ostendorf1, D C Peeling, T J Mitchell

  • 1Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, USA. ostendorf@ecs.umass.edu

Journal of Environmental Quality
|October 2, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Highway deicing salt leaves residual chloride that dissolves into precipitation year-round. This study confirms the hypothesis using three years of field data and a new dissolution model for chloride runoff.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Hydrology
  • Geochemistry

Background:

  • Highway deicing applications contribute significant chloride to the environment.
  • Understanding the long-term fate of residual deicing salts is crucial for water quality management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To confirm the hypothesis that residual chloride from deicing applications dissolves into precipitation throughout the year.
  • To quantify chloride dissolution kinetics and residual chloride loads in a highway drainage system.

Main Methods:

  • Collected three years of field data, including storm hyetographs and salt application logs.
  • Utilized classical linear reservoir theory and a novel dissolution model.
  • Continuously measured discharge and conductivity at an outlet weir.

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Main Results:

  • Residual chloride from deicing persists at significant levels throughout the study period.
  • Calibrated models yielded a source strength (w) of 2.01 x 10(-6) s(-1) for chloride dissolution.
  • Physically plausible values for depression storage depth (ζ = 3 mm) and porosity (n = 0.40) were determined.

Conclusions:

  • Residual chloride from highway deicing continuously dissolves into precipitation, impacting water quality year-round.
  • The developed dissolution model accurately represents chloride release over multiple salt seasons.
  • The findings highlight the persistent environmental impact of deicing salts.