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Operationalizing non-lethality: a Northern Ireland perspective.

C Burrows1

  • 1Royal Ulster Constabulary, Belfast, UK.

Medicine, Conflict, and Survival
|October 2, 2001
PubMed
Summary

This study reviews the use of baton rounds (rubber and plastic bullets) during Northern Ireland's 33-year conflict. It emphasizes understanding conflict causes and integrating community policing for effective law enforcement strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Criminology
  • Conflict Studies
  • Law Enforcement

Background:

  • The Troubles in Northern Ireland resulted in 3,636 deaths over 33 years.
  • Police and military actions contributed to fatalities, with 52 and 315 deaths attributed to police and military, respectively.
  • Early experiences with public disorder shaped conflict management approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To contextualize the evolution, development, and deployment of baton rounds (rubber and plastic bullets).
  • To examine police training protocols for baton round usage.
  • To discuss conflict management strategies that align with community-based policing.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of public disorder and policing tactics.
  • Analysis of baton round development and implementation.
  • Examination of police training methodologies.

Main Results:

  • Baton rounds (rubber and plastic bullets) were developed and utilized within the context of the conflict.
  • Police received specific training for the use of these less-lethal weapons.
  • The study highlights the necessity of understanding conflict's root causes for law enforcement.

Conclusions:

  • Effective conflict management requires synergy between law enforcement and community policing.
  • Understanding the underlying causes of conflict is crucial for police personnel.
  • The deployment and training related to baton rounds are examined within the broader context of The Troubles.

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