[The Bayesian approach: another way of drawing inferences]

The serious objections made with regard to significance tests account for the necessity of employing another inferential procedure. Bayesian methods are free of such objections, and they provide a very attractive alternative. By means of a simple example, this article illustrates how a typical problem of medical research could be solved using these two approaches. Bayesian methods offer more information and are more useful than conventional ones for analyzing experimental outcomes. In addition, a natural interpretation of conclusions are given by Bayesian methods. Finally, modern computational programs allow us to solve their complex calculation.