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Sudden hypoacusis treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy: a controlled study.

B Fattori1, S Berrettini, A Casani

  • 1ENT Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, University of Pisa, Via Savi no. 10, 56100 Pisa, Italy. bfattori@ent.med.unipi.it

Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal
|October 3, 2001
PubMed
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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HOT) is a leading treatment for sudden hypoacusis, a rapid hearing loss. This study found HOT significantly improved hearing outcomes compared to vasodilators, making it the preferred therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neurology
  • Hyperbaric Medicine

Background:

  • Sudden hypoacusis is a rapid hearing loss of unknown origin.
  • Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HOT) is a proposed treatment for sudden hypoacusis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HOT) versus intravenous vasodilators for treating sudden hypoacusis.
  • To evaluate treatment response based on audiometric and otoneurologic examinations.

Main Methods:

  • 50 patients with sudden hypoacusis were randomly assigned to HOT (n=30) or vasodilator (n=20) treatment for 10 days.
  • Hearing thresholds and audiometry were assessed at baseline and 10 days post-treatment.
  • Patient response was evaluated considering age, sex, and type of hearing loss (pantonal vs. milder).

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Main Results:

  • The HOT group showed significantly greater treatment response compared to the vasodilator group.
  • More patients in the HOT group achieved a good or significant hearing improvement.
  • Pantonal hypoacusis cases responded better to treatment in both groups.

Conclusions:

  • Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HOT) is the preferred treatment for sudden hypoacusis due to superior efficacy and safety.
  • HOT is well-tolerated and has no reported side effects.
  • Further research may explore optimal HOT protocols for different hypoacusis types.