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High mortality from snakebite in south-eastern Senegal.

J F Trape1, G Pison, E Guyavarch

  • 1Laboratoire de Paludologie, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD, formerly ORSTOM), B.P. 1386, Dakar, Senegal. trape@melusine.mpl.ird.fr

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|October 3, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Snakebite mortality in Senegal averaged 14 deaths per 100,000 annually. This study details snakebite deaths and identifies key venomous snake species in the region.

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Area of Science:

  • Tropical Medicine
  • Epidemiology
  • Herpetology

Background:

  • Snakebite envenoming is a significant public health issue in many tropical regions.
  • Understanding local snakebite mortality and fauna is crucial for effective prevention and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess snakebite mortality rates in rural Senegal over a 24-year period.
  • To identify the venomous snake species present in the study area and their relative abundance.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective mortality study conducted in 42 villages in south-eastern Senegal from 1976 to 1999.
  • Registration of all deaths and classification by cause, including snakebite.
  • Collection and identification of snakes from the region to assess species composition and abundance.

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Main Results:

  • A total of 26 snakebite deaths were registered over 24 years, resulting in an average annual mortality rate of 14 per 100,000 population.
  • Snakebite accounted for 0.9% of all registered deaths and 28% of accidental deaths among individuals aged one year and older.
  • The saw-scaled viper (Echis ocellatus) was the most abundant venomous snake, with Viperidae comprising 23% of collected snakes.

Conclusions:

  • Snakebite represents a notable cause of accidental mortality in rural Senegal.
  • Effective management requires addressing the risks posed by abundant venomous species like Echis ocellatus.