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Selenoproteins in human thyroid tissues.

P Zagrodzki1, F Nicol, J R Arthur

  • 1Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland. zagrodzk@alf.ifj.edu.pl

Biofactors (Oxford, England)
|October 5, 2001
PubMed
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Selenoenzyme activities do not distinguish between thyroid tumors or goiters. Selenium levels and glutathione peroxidase activity showed no differences in patients compared to healthy volunteers.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Selenoenzymes play crucial roles in cellular redox homeostasis and thyroid hormone metabolism.
  • Investigating selenoenzyme activity as potential biomarkers for thyroid pathologies is of clinical interest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if selenoenzyme activities can serve as histological markers for various thyroid tumors and goiters.
  • To assess selenium content and specific selenoenzyme activities in different thyroid tissue types.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of plasma selenium (Se) and plasma glutathione peroxidase (plGSHPx) activity.
  • Measurement of cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (cGSHPx), iodothyronine deiodinases (ID-I, ID-II), and thioredoxin reductase (THRR) activities in human thyroid tissues.

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  • Analysis of tissues from follicular neoplasm, papillary carcinoma, struma nodosa, struma lymphomatosis Hashimoto, other thyroid surgery specimens, and normal thyroid tissues.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences in plasma selenium or plGSHPx activity were observed between patients and healthy volunteers.
    • No significant differences in any measured parameter were found in thyroid carcinoma compared to normal or goitrous thyroid tissue.
    • Statistically significant correlations were found between ID-I and ID-II, and between THRR and selenoperoxidases in the overall group of thyroid surgery specimens.

    Conclusions:

    • Selenoenzyme activities and plasma selenium levels do not appear to be reliable biomarkers for differentiating between various thyroid tumors and goiters based on histological criteria.
    • Principal component analysis confirmed correlations between enzymes but did not reveal distinct patterns for different diagnoses.