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Impaired platelet function among platelet donors.

P Jilma-Stohlawetz1, N Hergovich, M Homoncik

  • 1Department of Clinical Pharmacology-TARGET, Vienna University, Austria.

Thrombosis and Haemostasis
|October 5, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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A significant number of platelet donors exhibit prolonged closure times, indicating impaired platelet function. This may be linked to reduced thromboxane formation and frequent donations, impacting platelet transfusion quality.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Platelet Physiology

Background:

  • Platelet transfusions are crucial for managing bleeding disorders.
  • Plateletpheresis concentrates are increasingly used, highlighting the importance of donor platelet quality.
  • Estimating impaired platelet function prevalence in donors is vital for transfusion safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the prevalence of impaired platelet function among platelet donors.
  • To investigate factors contributing to donor platelet dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed inter-donor variability in platelet plug formation using a PFA-100 analyzer.
  • Determined the prevalence of impaired thromboxane formation.
  • Examined the influence of alpha2 integrin polymorphism and density on platelet function.

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Main Results:

  • Collagen-epinephrine induced closure time (CEPI-CT) demonstrated significant inter-subject variability in donors, exceeding that of healthy controls.
  • One-fifth of donors had abnormal CEPI-CT, with 11% exceeding the maximum measurable value.
  • Reduced serum thromboxane B2 levels (9% of donors) suggest cyclooxygenase inhibitor use or aspirin-like defects, correlating inversely with CEPI-CT.
  • Alpha2-integrin density influenced closure times in controls but not in donors.
  • ABO blood group system was found to modulate closure times.

Conclusions:

  • A substantial proportion of platelet donors exhibit prolonged closure times, indicating impaired platelet function.
  • Reduced thromboxane formation and frequent platelet donation are contributing factors to this observed dysfunction.
  • These findings underscore the need for monitoring donor platelet function to ensure transfusion efficacy.