Related Experiment Videos
In vitro kinetic evaluation of titanium alloy biodegradation.
C Sedarat1, M F Harmand, A Naji
1School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089-0641, USA.
Journal of Periodontal Research
|October 5, 2001
Summary
This study measured titanium, aluminum, and vanadium dissolution from dental implants over 96 days. While titanium showed no adverse reactions, aluminum and vanadium release may pose risks, impacting cellular functions.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Materials
- Corrosion Science
Background:
- Titanium alloys are widely used in dental implants due to their biocompatibility.
- Understanding the long-term dissolution kinetics of metallic elements from implants is crucial for assessing potential biological responses.
- Corrosion of metallic implants can lead to the release of ions, potentially affecting surrounding tissues and systemic health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the in vitro dissolution kinetics of titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), and vanadium (V) from a Ti90Al6V4 dental implant alloy.
- To quantify the release rates of these metallic elements over a 96-day period under physiological conditions.
- To compare the dissolution profiles of Ti, Al, and V and discuss their potential implications for implant safety.
Main Methods:
- Controlled in vitro experiment using Ti90Al6V4 dental implants.
- Incubation in sterile tubes with NaCl 0.9% and human serum at pH 7.2 and 37°C.
- Measurement of metallic element dissolution using atomic absorption spectrophotometry at multiple time points up to 96 days.
Main Results:
- Titanium dissolution averaged 16±5 ng/cm²/day, with no documented adverse reactions.
- Aluminum dissolution was stable at 9±5 ng/cm²/day, averaging 945 ng/cm² over 96 days.
- Vanadium dissolution stabilized at 0.15±0.18 ng/cm²/day after day 6, averaging 42 ng/cm².
- Significant variations in elemental dissolution were observed among implants.
- Potential toxicity thresholds for vanadium (4%) and aluminum (6%) were noted regarding cellular inhibition.
Conclusions:
- Titanium dissolution from Ti90Al6V4 implants appears minimal and non-reactive in vitro.
- The release of aluminum and vanadium from titanium alloys warrants further investigation due to potential cytotoxic effects.
- Dissolution kinetics vary significantly between metallic elements and individual implants, highlighting the need for material characterization and long-term monitoring.