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Orbital and periorbital infections
J L Tovilla-Canales1, A Nava, J L Tovilla y Pomar
1Orbit and Oculoplastics Surgery Service, Instituto de Oftalmologia Fundación Conde de Valenciana U.N.A.M., Mexico City, Mexico. jltovilla@yahoo.com
Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
|October 6, 2001
Summary
Orbital infections, often caused by trauma or sinusitis, require prompt diagnosis using imaging like CT scans. Early treatment is crucial to prevent vision loss and severe complications such as endophthalmitis.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Orbital and perioriorbital infections are common, with trauma, skin infections, and sinusitis as frequent causes.
- Epidemiology and causative pathogens have evolved over the past decade.
- Atypical presentations can complicate diagnosis, necessitating a high index of suspicion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the diagnostic challenges and management of orbital infections.
- To emphasize the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent ocular sequelae.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical presentations and diagnostic modalities.
- Utilization of imaging techniques including ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Main Results:
- Classical signs are not always present, requiring advanced imaging for diagnosis.
- Prompt intervention can lead to infection resolution and avoid vision loss.
- Potential complications include spread to the globe (endophthalmitis) and need for enucleation/evisceration.
Conclusions:
- Accurate and timely diagnosis of orbital infections is critical.
- Advanced imaging and a high index of suspicion are key to successful management.
- Effective treatment can prevent severe outcomes and improve patient prognosis.