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[White matter changes and cognitive performance in aging].

D Bartrés-Faz1, I C Clemente, C Junqué

  • 1Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clínica; Universitat de Barcelona. Facultat de Psicología, Barcelona, 08035, España. dbartres@psi.ub.es

Revista De Neurologia
|October 6, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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NeuroImage. Clinical·2020

White matter changes, or leukoaraiosis, in the brain are linked to frontal lobe function decline in older adults. Sensitive cognitive tests reveal associations, particularly with periventricular lesions.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuropsychology
  • Gerontology

Context:

  • Aging is associated with white matter changes (leukoaraiosis) detectable via magnetic resonance imaging.
  • The relationship between leukoaraiosis and cognitive function in non-demented elderly individuals is complex and debated.
  • Previous studies present contradictory findings regarding leukoaraiosis and behavioral or cognitive changes.

Purpose:

  • To review magnetic resonance imaging studies examining the link between brain white matter changes (leukoaraiosis) and neuropsychological profiles in non-demented elderly individuals.
  • To synthesize current evidence on the association between leukoaraiosis and cognitive decline in aging populations.

Summary:

  • Magnetic resonance studies reveal that while overall links between leukoaraiosis and conduct are unclear, sensitive cognitive tests show associations with frontal lobe functions.

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  • Specific cognitive domains like processing speed, visuomotor skills, and verbal fluency are more frequently impacted by white matter changes.
  • Periventricular leukoaraiosis appears more significantly associated with cognitive decline than subcortical leukoaraiosis.

    • Impact:

    • Findings suggest that frontal lobe functions are most vulnerable to white matter alterations in aging.
    • The likely physiopathological mechanism involves white matter disconnection, potentially influenced by genetic factors, though research is ongoing.
    • This review highlights the importance of considering white matter integrity in understanding cognitive aging and potential interventions.