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Related Experiment Videos

Apoptotic cell removal.

P M Henson1, D L Bratton, V A Fadok

  • 1Program in Cell Biology and Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, Colorado 80206, USA. hensonp@njc.org

Current Biology : CB
|October 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Cellular garbage disposal through phagocytosis is crucial for health. This process, involving specific genes and receptors, efficiently removes apoptotic cells, preventing inflammation, but can be hijacked by pathogens.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Most cells undergoing apoptosis are cleared by phagocytes.
  • Apoptotic cell removal is essential for tissue homeostasis and preventing autoimmune responses.
  • Dysregulation of apoptotic cell clearance can lead to inflammatory diseases and fibrosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the conserved mechanisms of apoptotic cell removal across species.
  • To identify key molecular players and signaling pathways involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells.
  • To understand the consequences of aberrant apoptotic cell clearance.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of apoptotic cell removal genes in Caenorhabditis elegans and mammals.
  • Identification and characterization of apoptotic cell recognition receptors in mammals.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigation of signaling pathways mediating uptake, including macropinocytosis.

    • Main Results:

    • Seven corpse removal genes in nematodes have mammalian homologs, highlighting conserved pathways.
    • Mammalian apoptotic cell recognition involves receptors for tethering and triggering uptake via macropinocytosis.
    • Efficient and non-inflammatory clearance is the norm, but subversion by parasites and pathological outcomes like fibrosis can occur.

    Conclusions:

    • Apoptotic cell removal is a highly conserved and critical biological process.
    • Understanding these mechanisms provides insights into both normal physiology and disease pathogenesis.
    • Targeting apoptotic cell clearance pathways may offer therapeutic strategies for inflammatory and fibrotic conditions.