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Rhabdomyolysis associated with varicella infection.

M al-Langawi1, M R al-Marri, H al Soub

  • 1Division of Internal Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar.

International Journal of Clinical Practice
|October 12, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Varicella infection, or chickenpox, is usually mild but can cause rare, severe complications. This case highlights rhabdomyolysis as a serious complication in an immunocompetent adult, emphasizing prompt treatment for better outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Varicella infection (chickenpox) is a common viral illness, typically self-limiting in healthy children.
  • Certain populations, including infants, adolescents, adults, and immunocompromised individuals, face increased risk for severe varicella complications.
  • Primary varicella infection in immunocompetent adults, while less common, can present with unusual and serious sequelae.

Observation:

  • A case of primary varicella infection in an immunocompetent adult is presented.
  • The patient developed rhabdomyolysis, a rare but potentially life-threatening complication of varicella.
  • Rhabdomyolysis involves the breakdown of muscle tissue, leading to the release of myoglobin into the bloodstream.

Findings:

  • The adult patient experienced a severe complication of varicella infection, specifically rhabdomyolysis.

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  • Prompt recognition of rhabdomyolysis was crucial for initiating appropriate management.
  • Aggressive fluid therapy and antiviral treatment were administered to the patient.

    • Implications:

    • This case underscores the importance of considering rare complications like rhabdomyolysis in adult varicella cases.
    • Early diagnosis and management, including hydration and antivirals, can significantly improve patient outcomes.
    • Further research may elucidate the mechanisms linking varicella infection to rhabdomyolysis in immunocompetent adults.