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Related Experiment Videos

Endogenous morphine and codeine. Possible role as endogenous anticonvulsants.

S Spector1, I Munjal, D E Schmidt

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. sydney.spector@mcmail.vanderbilt.edu

Brain Research
|October 12, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Convulsive and anticonvulsant drugs increase endogenous morphine and codeine levels in rat brains. These findings suggest that these natural opiates may function as endogenous anticonvulsants, modulating seizure activity.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Exogenous morphine exhibits dose- and species-dependent convulsive or anticonvulsive effects.
  • Endogenous opioid alkaloids play a role in neurological processes.
  • Understanding endogenous opiate involvement in seizure modulation is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of convulsive and anticonvulsant drugs on endogenous morphine and codeine levels in specific rat brain regions.
  • To determine if endogenous opiate alkaloids are involved in the modulation of convulsions.

Main Methods:

  • Administration of pentylenetetrazole (convulsant), carbamazepine, and phenytoin (anticonvulsants) to rats.
  • Measurement of endogenous morphine and codeine levels in various brain regions and peripheral tissues using biochemical assays.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparative analysis of alkaloid levels in response to different drug treatments.

    • Main Results:

    • Pentylenetetrazole, carbamazepine, and phenytoin significantly elevated endogenous morphine and codeine levels in specific rat brain regions, including the hypothalamus, striatum, midbrain, brain stem, and hippocampus.
    • Peripheral tissue levels of morphine and codeine remained unaffected by these drugs.
    • Maximal increases in morphine were observed in the hypothalamus and striatum (2-10 fold), while codeine showed significant increases in the hypothalamus and hippocampus (5-10 fold and 2-10 fold, respectively).

    Conclusions:

    • Endogenous morphine and codeine levels are modulated by both convulsive and anticonvulsant agents.
    • These endogenous opiate alkaloids are implicated in the modulation of seizure activity.
    • Morphine and/or codeine may function as endogenous anticonvulsants, playing a role in the brain's natural defense against seizures.