A-549 is a suitable cell line for primary isolation of coxsackie B viruses

A common receptor for coxsackie B virus and adenovirus has been described recently in cells of human and murine origin. Since the established cell line A-549 is suitable for adenoviruses, the potential use of A-549 cells for the isolation of coxsackie B viruses from clinical samples was investigated. All throat swabs sent to the laboratory between April 1998 and June 1999 were inoculated onto monolayers of MRC-5 and A-549 cells in tubes, and the enterovirus isolates obtained were typed. From April to June 1999, A-549 cells were compared prospectively to Buffalo green monkey (BGM) cells, considered as the most susceptible cell line for isolating coxsackie B viruses. Fifty-six out of 171 enterovirus isolates (33%) displayed a cytopathic effect (CPE) in the A-549 monolayer only, 48 isolates (28%) in the MRC-5 monolayer only, and 67 isolates (39%) in both cell lines. Most isolates that showed CPE in A-549 cells only (48 out of 56, 86%) were coxsackie B viruses, belonging to four different serotypes (B1, B2, B4, and B6). When BGM and A-549 cells were inoculated in parallel, both recovered the same number of coxsackie B isolates (n = 20), and the CPE was noted on approximately the same day. In conclusion, growth in A-549 but not MRC-5 cells identified coxsackie B viruses in most cases. A-549 was comparable to BGM for primary isolation of coxsackie B viruses.