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Radiosurgery-induced brain tumor. Case report.

T Kaido¹, T Hoshida, R Uranishi

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.

Journal of Neurosurgery

|October 13, 2001

Summary

This case study reports the first known instance of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) developing after gamma knife radiosurgery for a cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM). The patient developed radiation necrosis and later a GBM, highlighting a rare but serious complication of radiosurgery.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Neurosurgery
Radiation Oncology

Background:

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are treated with various modalities, including gamma knife radiosurgery.
Gamma knife radiosurgery uses focused radiation to treat vascular abnormalities in the brain.

Observation:

A 14-year-old male received gamma knife radiosurgery for a cerebral AVM.
One year post-treatment, the patient developed radiation necrosis.
Six and a half years later, the patient presented with seizures and was diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).

Findings:

This is the first reported case of GBM induced by radiosurgery for a cerebral AVM.
It is the second reported case of neoplasm following radiosurgery for any intracranial disease.

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The patient died 10 months after GBM diagnosis, 99 months post-radiosurgery.

Implications:

Radiosurgery for intracranial conditions carries a rare risk of secondary neoplasm development.
Long-term oncological surveillance may be warranted in patients treated with radiosurgery.
Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and risk factors for radiation-induced tumors.