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Oral function and diet quality in a community-based sample.

R S Shinkai1, J P Hatch, S Sakai

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 78229-3900, USA. rosemary_shinkai@yahoo.com

Journal of Dental Research
|October 13, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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This study found that chewing ability and dental status do not predict overall diet quality. Socio-demographic factors like age, sex, and ethnicity were more influential on the Healthy Eating Index (HEI).

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Dental Science
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Diet quality assessment often uses indices like the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), but dental research typically focuses on individual foods.
  • Understanding factors influencing overall diet quality is crucial for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of socio-demographic and masticatory variables on overall diet quality (HEI).
  • To determine if chewing performance, bite force, tooth units, TMJ status, or dentition status predict diet quality.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 731 community-based participants.
  • Data collected via clinical exams, bite force, masticatory performance tests, and two 24-hour dietary recalls.
  • Healthy Eating Index (HEI) calculated to assess overall diet quality.

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Main Results:

  • Females, European-Americans, and older individuals had higher HEI scores.
  • Income, education, and masticatory variables (performance, bite force, tooth units, TMJ disorder) were not associated with HEI scores.
  • No significant differences in HEI were found across different dentition statuses, except when considering age groups.

Conclusions:

  • Socio-demographic factors, particularly age, sex, and ethnicity, are associated with overall diet quality.
  • Masticatory function and dentition status do not appear to be significant predictors of overall diet quality in this population.
  • Future research should explore other potential influences on diet quality beyond chewing-related factors.