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Related Concept Videos

Tonicity in Plants00:53

Tonicity in Plants

Tonicity describes the capacity of a cell to lose or gain water. It depends on the quantity of solute that does not penetrate the membrane. Tonicity delimits the magnitude and direction of osmosis and results in three possible scenarios that alter the volume of a cell: hypertonicity, hypotonicity, and isotonicity. Due to differences in structure and physiology, tonicity of plant cells is different from that of animal cells in some scenarios.Plants and Hypotonic EnvironmentsUnlike animal cells,...
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Short-distance Transport of Resources

Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses02:45

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration

Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
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Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

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Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
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Tonicity in Plants01:20

Tonicity in Plants

Plant cells maintain appropriate osmotic balance in extreme conditions. For instance, plants in dry environments store water in vacuoles, limit the opening of their stoma, and have thick, waxy cuticles to prevent unnecessary water loss. Some species of plants that live in salty environments store salt in their roots. As a result, water osmosis occurs in the root from the surrounding soil.
Tonicity
Tonicity describes the capacity of a cell to lose or gain water depending on the solute...

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Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Measuring Spatial and Temporal Ca2+ Signals in Arabidopsis Plants
10:12

Measuring Spatial and Temporal Ca2+ Signals in Arabidopsis Plants

Published on: September 2, 2014

Calcium oscillations in higher plants.

N H Evans1, M R McAinsh, A M Hetherington

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, Lancaster, UK. N.Evans@lancaster.ac.uk

Current Opinion in Plant Biology
|October 13, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plant cells can interpret complex calcium signals. These calcium signatures, or oscillations, are crucial for determining the final outcome in plant signaling pathways.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Cell Signaling
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cytosolic free calcium (Ca2+) oscillations are implicated in plant cell signaling.
  • The precise role of calcium signatures in determining cellular responses remains an active area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether plant cells can decode complex patterns of cytosolic free calcium (Ca2+) oscillations.
  • To determine if these calcium signatures encode specific information for downstream cellular responses.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized advanced calcium imaging techniques to monitor cytosolic free calcium (Ca2+) dynamics in plant cells.
  • Applied computational analysis to decipher complex calcium oscillation patterns and correlate them with specific cellular outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that plant cells exhibit distinct responses to varying calcium (Ca2+) oscillation patterns.
  • Provided conclusive evidence that the complexity of calcium signatures is actively deciphered by plant cells.
  • Showcased that specific calcium signatures are linked to the determination of final cellular responses.

Conclusions:

  • Plant cells possess the sophisticated machinery to interpret intricate calcium signatures.
  • Stimulus-induced cytosolic free calcium (Ca2+) oscillations serve as a critical information-encoding mechanism in plant signaling pathways.
  • Deciphering these calcium signatures is essential for understanding and predicting plant cellular responses.