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Related Experiment Videos

Hypervariable genes in Grapevine leafroll associated virus 1.

A Little1, C F Fazeli, M A Rezaian

  • 1CSIRO Plant Industry and Cooperative Research Centre for Viticulture, Adelaide Laboratory, P.O. Box 350, SA 5064, Glen Osmond, Australia.

Virus Research
|October 13, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Grapevine leafroll associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1) exhibits significant genetic diversity, particularly in genes for heat shock protein and coat proteins. This suggests GLRaV-1 may exist as a mixed population due to grapevine cultivation practices.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Grapevine leafroll associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1) is a tentative member of the genus Closterovirus.
  • Understanding viral genetic diversity is crucial for disease management and control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the nucleotide sequence variation in key open reading frames (ORFs) of GLRaV-1.
  • To investigate the extent of sequence variation in genes encoding heat shock protein 70 homologue and coat proteins (CPd1, CPd2).

Main Methods:

  • Sequencing of 75 cDNA clones corresponding to ORFs 3, 6, and 7 of GLRaV-1.
  • Analysis of 1916 nucleotide changes compared to the published sequence.
  • Assessment of mutations for frame shifts, stop codons, and amino acid property conservation.

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Main Results:

  • Unusually high sequence variation was detected in ORFs 3, 6, and 7.
  • The CPd2 gene showed extreme variability, with mutations at 60% of nucleotide positions in sequenced clones.
  • No frame shifts or stop codons were observed, with a trend towards conserved amino acid properties.

Conclusions:

  • GLRaV-1 may exist as a heterogeneous population due to high sequence variability.
  • Viticulture practices like vegetative propagation and grafting may contribute to the mixing of virus strains.
  • Lack of selective pressure could be a factor in the observed genetic diversity.