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Yolk and exogenous feed utilization in the posthatch chick.

Y Noy1, D Sklan

  • 1Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel.

Poultry Science
|October 16, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Posthatch chick yolk utilization partitions between circulation and intestinal secretion. Feed intake stimulates yolk secretion and hydrophilic nutrient uptake, impacting chick development.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Physiology
  • Nutritional Biochemistry
  • Avian Metabolism

Background:

  • Newly hatched chicks rely on yolk reserves for nutrition.
  • Understanding yolk utilization is crucial for early-stage poultry development.
  • The transition from endogenous to exogenous nutrition requires specific adaptations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate yolk utilization partitioning in posthatch chicks.
  • To determine the impact of feed intake on yolk secretion and metabolite absorption.
  • To analyze plasma metabolite concentrations in relation to age and feeding status.

Main Methods:

  • Yolk utilization was assessed by measuring transport to circulation and secretion to the intestine.
  • Absorption of glucose, methionine, and oleic acid was quantified using a nonabsorbed reference substance (141Ce).
  • Plasma metabolite concentrations (glucose, Na, phospholipids, nonesterified fatty acids, triiodothyronine, triglycerides) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Feed in the gastrointestinal tract enhanced yolk secretion to the small intestines.
  • Glucose and methionine uptake were low at hatch but increased with age and feed intake.
  • Oleic acid uptake was high at hatch, with increased lipid intake depressing its absorption percentage.
  • Plasma glucose, Na, phospholipids, and nonesterified fatty acids remained stable with age.
  • Plasma triiodothyronine and triglyceride concentrations increased with age in fed chicks but decreased with feed deprivation.

Conclusions:

  • Feed intake is a critical factor in stimulating posthatch yolk secretion and nutrient absorption mechanisms.
  • The chick's ability to absorb hydrophilic nutrients develops posthatch, influenced by feed intake.
  • Yolk lipids are readily absorbed early, while carbohydrate and amino acid absorption capacity matures over time.

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