Clear cell pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: case report

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a well-described astrocytic neoplasm with distinctive clinical and pathological features. Although most patients with PXAs are cured by surgical excision, other patients experience malignant progression and tumor recurrence. We describe a 47-year-old woman with a left temporal lobe PXA that had classic histopathological characteristics as well as extensive clear cell and focal papillary changes, and some anaplastic findings. The patient has now suffered two recurrences after complete resection. The case illustrates a rare, previously undescribed histological variant of PXA, with a prominent clear cell and focal papillary morphology. The study of histologically similar cases is needed to determine whether this variant is always associated with a greater likelihood of recurrence.