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Conserved energy without work or heat.

P A Samuelson1

  • 1Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|February 1, 1992
PubMed
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This study introduces a novel method to deduce a conserved energy function using only empirical temperature and specific volume observations. It leverages the Invariance Law, enabling thermodynamic insights without traditional heat or work concepts.

Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Traditional thermodynamics relies on concepts of heat and work.
  • Inferring energy functions often requires complex measurements.
  • An alternative approach using empirical temperature equalization is explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To deduce a conserved energy function from basic temperature and volume data.
  • To demonstrate the utility of the Invariance Law in thermodynamics.
  • To provide a foundation for understanding thermodynamic laws from first principles.

Main Methods:

  • Observing temperature equalization between like subsystems.
  • Applying the Invariance Law, which ensures temperature independence of pairing.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilizing Abel-like functional equations derived from the Invariance Law.

    • Main Results:

    • A conserved energy function dependent solely on empirical temperature and specific volume was deduced.
    • The Invariance Law's 'independence of path' property is crucial for this deduction.
    • One constant in the energy function cannot be determined from temperature equalization data alone.

    Conclusions:

    • Thermodynamic properties can be inferred from simple empirical temperature and volume measurements.
    • The Invariance Law provides a powerful, non-traditional framework for thermodynamics.
    • Further observations, such as inter-substance equilibrium or adiabatic expansion, are needed to fully characterize substances.