Anal dilatation and haemorrhoidectomy. A prospective study.

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Colorectal Surgery

Background:

• Hemorrhoids are a common condition affecting the anal canal.
• Second and third-degree hemorrhoids often require surgical or minimally invasive intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To prospectively compare the outcomes of hemorrhoidectomy versus anal dilatation for treating second and third-degree hemorrhoids.
• To assess symptom resolution and anal continence after each procedure.

Main Methods:

• Prospective assessment of 20 patients with second or third-degree hemorrhoids.
• Comparison of outcomes between patients undergoing hemorrhoidectomy alone and anal dilatation alone.
• 12-month follow-up including symptom evaluation and proctoscopy.

Main Results:

• Haemorrhoidectomy led to complete resolution of bleeding, lumps, pruritus, and discharge, with maintained anal continence.
• Secondary piles developed occasionally after hemorrhoidectomy.
• Nearly 50% of patients undergoing anal dilatation alone reported persistent symptoms, with one experiencing a mucus leak.
• Anal continence remained unchanged in the anal dilatation group, and anal venous engorgement was reduced.

Conclusions:

• Haemorrhoidectomy is an effective treatment for second and third-degree hemorrhoids, achieving symptom resolution and maintaining continence.
• Anal dilatation alone appears less effective, with a significant proportion of patients experiencing residual symptoms.