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Geometric incompatibility in a fault system.

A Gabrielov1, V Keilis-Borok, D D Jackson

  • 1International Institute of Earthquake Prediction Theory and Mathematical Geophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|April 30, 1996
PubMed
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This study introduces geometric incompatibility (G) and kinematic deviation (K) to analyze fault system instability and seismicity. High G indicates locked fault junctions, potentially triggering strong earthquakes.

Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Seismology
  • Tectonics

Background:

  • Fault systems exhibit complex interactions between geometry, movement (kinematics), and seismic activity.
  • Understanding stress accumulation and release at fault junctions is crucial for earthquake prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the interdependence between fault geometry, kinematics, and seismicity.
  • To introduce and apply measures of geometric incompatibility (G) and kinematic deviation (K) to fault systems.

Main Methods:

  • Development of quantitative measures for geometric incompatibility (G) and deviation from kinematic compatibility (K).
  • Application of an analog to Stokes formula for regional G and K estimation from boundary data.
  • Analysis of G and K changes associated with major seismic events.

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Main Results:

  • Geometric incompatibility (G) quantifies instability at fault junctions, linked to stress accumulation and seismicity.
  • Kinematic deviation (K) reflects unaccounted stress/strain or inconsistencies in fault system reconstruction.
  • Estimates for the San Andreas Fault system show recent earthquakes reduced K but had opposing effects on G.

Conclusions:

  • Fault junction behavior (locking/unlocking) significantly influences strong earthquake nucleation.
  • Geometric incompatibility (G) is a key factor in controlling earthquake initiation processes.
  • The study provides tools to integrate diverse fault movement data and assess regional seismic potential.