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Fertility decline in Kinshasa.

¹Department of Economics, Women's Studies Program, and Population Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, USA.

Population Studies

|March 1, 1996

Summary

Educational gains for women in Kinshasa over 40 years correlate with declining fertility rates. Increased schooling is linked to fewer children per woman.

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Area of Science:

Demography
Sociology
Women's Studies

Background:

Examines socio-economic shifts impacting women in Kinshasa, Zaire over four decades.
Focuses on the relationship between these changes and fertility behavior.

Observation:

Significant increase in female educational attainment from minimal formal education in the 1950s to secondary schooling by 1990.
Concurrent societal changes include delayed marriage and increased female labor force participation.

Findings:

Total fertility rates, stable at 7.5 in the 1950s and 1975, show a decline of at least 1.5 children per woman more recently.
The observed fertility decline is strongly associated with improved secondary education access for women.

Implications:

Highlights education as a critical factor in demographic transitions for women in urban African settings.
Suggests educational empowerment of women is a key driver for fertility reduction in developing regions.

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