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Fertility and son preference in Korea.

U Larsen1, W Chung, M Das Gupta

  • 1Harvard School of Public Health, Boston MA.

Population Studies
|October 20, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Son preference significantly impacts fertility decline in Korea. Having a son reduces the likelihood of subsequent births and increases conception time, particularly in patriarchal and modernizing societies.

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Area of Science:

  • Demography
  • Sociology
  • Reproductive Health

Background:

  • South Korea experienced a dramatic fertility decline from 6.0 in 1960 to 1.6 in 1990.
  • A strong cultural preference for male offspring persisted despite declining fertility rates.

Observation:

  • Women with at least one son were less likely to have additional children.
  • The presence of a son also lengthened the time to conceive subsequent children.
  • These patterns were observed across different parities and intensified with higher parity.

Findings:

  • Son preference was identified as a key factor influencing fertility decisions.
  • Patriarchal structures and modernization were found to be significant predictors of conception patterns.
  • Multivariate analysis confirmed the influence of son preference, patriarchy, and modernization on second, third, and fourth conceptions.

Implications:

  • Understanding son preference is crucial for analyzing fertility trends in societies with similar cultural norms.
  • The interplay of cultural preferences and socioeconomic factors shapes reproductive behavior.
  • Policy and interventions addressing fertility decline should consider cultural son preference and societal modernization.

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