[Epidemiology and prophylaxis for cholera as seen by Tholozan]

From 1817 to 1896, the whole world was scared to death, not once but five times, by pandemic cholera. In 1849, when France is affected by the first wave of the third pandemic, Joseph, Desire Tholozan is professor Michel Levy's clinical assistant, at the Val-de-Grace hospital. From this period, Tholozan, an editor of la Gazette medicale de Paris, applies himself to specify its pathology and especially its epidemiology. He pays particularly attention to get accurate statistics and he is on cholera's tracks, as well in French towns as during Crimean' war. From 1858, as the Persian Shah's physician, he sets up a real medical department in his adopted country. Pragmatic as he is, he recommends to encourage general public health, advocates pilgrimage controls or even pilgrimage suppressions, sometimes. He always remains very doubtful towards measures imposed by International health conferences as the Constantinople's one, in 1866. And if there is any quarantine required, it must be started by natives and not by occidental physicians unaware of language and customs. His definite positions will make him disclaimed by the Shah: he is obliged to resign six months before he would die.