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Related Experiment Videos

Foaming in simulated radioactive waste.

S K Bindal1, A D Nikolov, D T Wasan

  • 1Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago 60616, USA.

Environmental Science & Technology
|October 20, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Foaming in radioactive waste treatment, caused by solid particles, limits process efficiency. Particle concentration and heating flux increase foaming, while electrolytes reduce it by stabilizing foam structures.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Radioactive waste treatment concentrates radionuclides for immobilization.
  • Foaming during sludge receipt and adjustment tank (SRAT) and melter operations reduces process efficiency.
  • The foam is a three-phase system containing finely divided solid particles that stabilize foam lamella.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate parameters affecting foaming in radioactive waste sludge simulants.
  • Understand the role of solid particles in foam stabilization and destabilization.
  • Identify methods to control foaming in waste treatment processes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a novel capillary force balance apparatus to study particle-particle interactions.
  • Examined simulated sludge (non-radioactive simulant) to isolate foaming parameters.

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  • Investigated the effects of solid particle concentration, heating flux, and electrolyte concentration.

    • Main Results:

    • Foaminess exhibits a maximum with increasing solid particle concentration due to competing structural stabilization and depletion destabilization effects.
    • Higher electrolyte concentrations reduce foaminess and bubble size.
    • Increased heating flux enhances foaminess by accelerating foam lamella generation.

    Conclusions:

    • Solid particle layering within foam lamella stabilizes foam by preventing bubble coalescence.
    • Foaming is a complex phenomenon influenced by particle interactions, not solely by surface-active agents.
    • Controlling electrolyte concentration and heating flux can mitigate foaming in radioactive waste treatment.