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Precedent autonomy and personal identity.

Michael Quante

    Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal
    |October 20, 2001
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Advance directives and Ulysses contracts ethically prolong autonomy by respecting personal identity. These tools are valid for individuals with dementia or mental illness, countering flawed identity theories.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Ethics
    • Philosophy of Personal Identity

    Background:

    • Debates surrounding precedent autonomy and paternalistic interventions often hinge on complex questions of personal identity.
    • Existing objections to advance directives and "Ulysses contracts" frequently rely on conflated understandings of personal identity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the ethical implications of personal identity theories in relation to autonomy.
    • To critically evaluate objections to advance directives and "Ulysses contracts" based on personal identity.

    Main Methods:

    • Distinguishing between personal identity as persistence and as biographical identity.
    • Analyzing ethically relevant features using concepts of personality and biographical identity.
    • Examining categorical arguments against precedent autonomy and advance directives.
    Keywords:
    Analytical ApproachDeath and EuthanasiaPhilosophical Approach

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    Main Results:

    • Categorical objections to advance directives and "Ulysses contracts" are based on misconceptions of personal identity.
    • Advance directives and "Ulysses contracts" are ethically sound for preserving individual autonomy.
    • Concepts of personality and biographical identity are valuable tools in biomedical ethics.

    Conclusions:

    • Misleading theories of personal identity underpin categorical arguments against precedent autonomy and "Ulysses contracts".
    • Advance directives represent an ethically justifiable method for sustaining autonomy in individuals with conditions like dementia and mental illness.