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Nerve harvesting procedures.

R A Meyer1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Northside Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. shmram@aol.com

Atlas of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America
|October 23, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Autogenous nerve grafts are standard for repairing nerve gaps, with common donor sites like the great auricular nerve (GAN) and sural nerve (SN). Future biodegradable conduits may replace grafts for short nerve gaps.

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Area of Science:

  • Microsurgery
  • Neurosurgery
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Autogenous nerve grafts are the gold standard for repairing nerve injuries when tensionless repair is not feasible.
  • Maxillofacial microneurosurgery frequently utilizes accessible donor nerves such as the great auricular nerve (GAN) and sural nerve (SN).
  • Alternative nerves like the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (MACN), lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm (LCNF), and lateral thoracic nerve (LTN) are options for specific reconstruction scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current standards and common practices in nerve reconstruction for motor and sensory deficits.
  • To highlight frequently used donor nerves in maxillofacial microneurosurgery.
  • To discuss emerging technologies that may impact future nerve grafting procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established surgical techniques for nerve reconstruction.
  • Identification and discussion of commonly harvested autogenous nerve grafts.
  • Exploration of potential future advancements in nerve repair technology.

Main Results:

  • Autogenous nerve grafts remain the primary method for bridging nerve gaps that cannot be directly approximated.
  • The great auricular nerve (GAN) and sural nerve (SN) are frequently employed donor sites due to accessibility.
  • Other nerve options exist for specialized reconstructive needs.

Conclusions:

  • Autogenous nerve grafts are currently essential for specific nerve injury reconstructions.
  • The choice of donor nerve depends on the specific clinical situation and reconstructive requirements.
  • Biodegradable nerve conduits offer a promising alternative for short-gap nerve reconstruction, potentially reducing reliance on autogenous grafts in the future.

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