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Inferior alveolar nerve repositioning.

P J Louis1

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. patrick_louis@cs1.dental.uab.edu

Atlas of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America
|October 23, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Nerve repositioning in the mandible offers a solution for edentulous patients, potentially improving implant longevity. Patients should be aware of neurosensory risks, with function typically recovering within 3-6 months.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Dental Implantology
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Atrophic edentulous posterior mandibles present challenges for dental implant placement.
  • Nerve repositioning is an alternative surgical technique for managing these cases.
  • Potential risks include neurosensory disturbance and mandibular fracture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nerve repositioning in the mandible.
  • To discuss methods for minimizing complications like nerve damage and fracture.
  • To highlight the benefits for implant placement and patient satisfaction.

Main Methods:

  • Preoperative and postoperative neurosensory testing (two-point discrimination, directional brush stroke).
  • Careful surgical technique to minimize buccal cortical plate removal and preserve inferior cortex.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Avoiding overseating implants to prevent stress on the mandibular inferior border.

    • Main Results:

    • Nerve function recovery is expected within 3 to 6 months.
    • Proper surgical technique mitigates the risk of mandibular fracture.
    • Allows placement of longer implants, potentially improving longevity.
    • Patients report high overall satisfaction.

    Conclusions:

    • Nerve repositioning is a viable option for atrophic edentulous posterior mandibles, enhancing implant outcomes.
    • Informed patient consent regarding neurosensory risks is crucial.
    • The technique also serves to preserve the inferior alveolar nerve during tumor or cyst resection.