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Maternal nutrition and perinatal survival.

D Rush1

  • 1Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.

Nutrition Reviews
|October 24, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Maternal nutrition

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • The traditional view links maternal macronutrient intake to perinatal survival via increased maternal weight and fetal growth.
  • This simple model is increasingly challenged by complex biological and clinical observations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the relationship between maternal nutrition, maternal weight changes, and perinatal survival.
  • To investigate the mechanisms by which maternal nutritional status influences fetal growth and survival outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing literature on maternal nutrition, weight gain, and perinatal outcomes.
  • Analysis of the impact of dietary interventions and supplementation on maternal and fetal parameters.

Main Results:

  • Maternal weight and weight gain show resistance to dietary interventions and supplementation.
  • Increased birth weight from maternal nutrition does not consistently improve perinatal survival, as prepregnant weight is a confounding factor.
  • Dietary supplements have a modest effect on birth weight in non-famine conditions, not mediated by maternal energy deposition.

Conclusions:

  • The direct link between maternal macronutrient intake and improved perinatal survival is not robustly supported.
  • Maternal water (plasma) volume, not energy deposition, appears to be the primary component of maternal weight gain driving accelerated fetal growth.
  • Rethinking maternal nutritional strategies for perinatal outcomes is necessary, focusing beyond simple macronutrient intake.

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