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The prevalence of Sjögren syndrome in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis

J de Seze1, D Devos, G Castelnovo

  • 1Department of Neurology, CHRU de Lille, France. j-deseze@chru-lille.fr

Neurology
|October 24, 2001
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Sjögren syndrome (SS) affects 16.6% of primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) patients, a higher prevalence than in the general population. This suggests SS can mimic PPMS and warrants systematic screening.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Sjögren syndrome (SS) shares clinical similarities with multiple sclerosis (MS), including age at onset and presentation.
  • The differential diagnosis between SS and MS can be challenging due to overlapping symptoms.
  • Recent reports indicate SS occurrence in confirmed primary progressive MS (PPMS) cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of Sjögren syndrome (SS) in patients diagnosed with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS).
  • To evaluate the potential for SS to be misdiagnosed as PPMS.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty consecutive PPMS patients were assessed using proposed SS diagnostic criteria.
  • Methods included patient interviews (xerophthalmia, xerostomia), minor salivary gland biopsy, Schirmer test, salivary gland scintigraphy, and serological testing for anti-Ro (SSa) and anti-La (SSb) antibodies.

Main Results:

  • 16.6% of PPMS patients (10 out of 60) met four or more diagnostic criteria for SS.
  • This prevalence significantly exceeds that of SS in the general population (1-5%).
  • The findings suggest SS can present with symptoms mimicking PPMS.

Conclusions:

  • Sjögren syndrome (SS) is more prevalent in PPMS patients than previously recognized.
  • Systematic screening for SS is recommended in patients diagnosed with PPMS.
  • Early diagnosis of SS can help differentiate it from PPMS and guide appropriate treatment.

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