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Published on: August 31, 2014
Effects of human T-lymphotropic virus type II on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 phenotypic evolution
P C Guenthner1, R C Hershow, R B Lal
1HIV and Retrovirology Branch, Division of AIDS, STD, and TB Laboratory Research, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. pcg1@cdc.gov
Human T-lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) coinfection does not alter human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coreceptor usage or beta-chemokine production in infected individuals. This finding suggests no impact on HIV-1 disease progression due to HTLV-II coinfection.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Phenotypic changes and coreceptor usage by HIV-1 are linked to disease progression.
- Understanding how coinfections affect HIV-1 tropism is crucial for disease management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of HTLV-II coinfection on HIV-1 coreceptor usage.
- To assess the effect of HTLV-II coinfection on ex vivo beta-chemokine production in HIV-1-infected individuals.
Main Methods:
- HIV-1 isolates were obtained from HIV-1-infected and HIV-1/HTLV-II-coinfected individuals.
- Coreceptor usage was determined by assessing infectivity of isolates on CCR5delta32 PBMCs.
- Production of beta-chemokines (MIP-1beta and RANTES) was measured spontaneously and after PHA stimulation.
Main Results:
- HIV-1 isolates from both groups were R5-tropic, infecting CCR5delta32 PBMCs.
- No significant differences were observed in spontaneous or PHA-stimulated MIP-1beta and RANTES production between the groups.
- HTLV-II coinfection did not alter HIV-1 coreceptor usage or beta-chemokine production.
Conclusions:
- Coinfection with HTLV-II does not affect HIV-1 coreceptor tropism (R5-tropic).
- HTLV-II coinfection does not influence the production of key beta-chemokines (MIP-1beta, RANTES).
- These findings suggest that HTLV-II coinfection does not impact HIV-1 disease progression through modulation of coreceptor usage or chemokine levels.
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