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Peritoneal encapsulation: a preoperative diagnosis is possible

V Naraynsingh1, D Maharaj, M Singh

  • 1Department of Surgery, General Hospital, Port-of-Spain, Trinidad, West Indies.

Postgraduate Medical Journal
|October 26, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Peritoneal encapsulation, a rare developmental issue, encases the small intestine in a sac. This leads to fixed abdominal distension and distinct differences in abdominal wall firmness upon palpation.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical anatomy

Background:

  • Peritoneal encapsulation is an extremely rare congenital anomaly.
  • It involves the small intestine being enclosed within an accessory peritoneal sac.
  • This sac is typically located between the omentum and mesocolon.

Observation:

  • The condition presents with a fixed, asymmetrical abdominal distension.
  • This distension remains constant, unaffected by intestinal peristalsis.
  • Palpation reveals a noticeable difference in abdominal wall consistency.

Findings:

  • A dense fibrous layer forms the accessory peritoneal sac.
  • The fibrous capsule encases the small intestine.
  • The distended small intestine within the sac has a thin wall.

Implications:

  • Understanding these clinical signs aids in diagnosing this rare condition.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate patient management.
  • Further research into the embryological origins may reveal insights.

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