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Related Experiment Videos

Stimulus characteristics within directives: effects on accuracy of task completion.

D M Richman1, D P Wacker, L J Cooper-Brown

  • 1College of Education, The University of Iowa, USA.

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
|October 27, 2001
PubMed
Summary

This study found that ineffective directives combined with reinforcement for accurate responses can escalate noncompliant behavior in children with language difficulties. Tailoring directives to a child's needs is crucial for effective behavior management.

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Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Children with noncompliant behavior often exhibit coexisting receptive language or vocabulary difficulties.
  • Understanding directive effectiveness is key to managing challenging behaviors in pediatric outpatient settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify directive characteristics that serve as discriminative stimuli for accurate responding in young children.
  • To investigate the continued stimulus control of effective/ineffective directives across different tasks.
  • To examine the interaction between directive type and reinforcement contingency on task completion and disruptive behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments were conducted with young children referred for noncompliant behavior and language difficulties.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Experiment 1 used a hierarchical directive analysis to identify effective directives.
  • Experiments 2 and 3 assessed directive effectiveness across tasks and in combination with reinforcement contingencies.

    • Main Results:

    • Distinct patterns of accurate responding were identified based on directive stimulus characteristics.
    • Effective and ineffective directives maintained their stimulus control across play and academic tasks.
    • Behavioral escalation from inaccurate to disruptive behavior occurred when ineffective directives were paired with differential reinforcement for accurate responses.

    Conclusions:

    • A methodology for identifying directive characteristics influencing accurate responding can be developed.
    • The interaction between directive type and reinforcement contingency significantly impacts task completion and disruptive behavior.
    • Careful selection of directives and reinforcement strategies is essential for managing noncompliant behavior in children with language impairments.