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Thirty-day mortality after elective total hip arthroplasty
J Parvizi1, B G Johnson, C Rowland
1Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume
|October 27, 2001
Summary
Older age, male gender, and cardiovascular disease increase perioperative mortality risk after hip arthroplasty. Recent data show a significant decline in 30-day mortality rates for this procedure.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Perioperative mortality following hip arthroplasty requires further investigation into patient and surgical risk factors.
- Limited data exist on characteristics associated with increased mortality risk after elective hip arthroplasty.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of perioperative death after elective hip arthroplasty.
- To identify patient characteristics and surgical factors associated with increased mortality risk.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 30,714 patient records undergoing elective hip arthroplasty between 1969 and 1997.
- Analysis of mortality rates based on age, gender, diagnosis, implant type, and fixation method within 30 days of surgery.
Main Results:
- Overall 30-day mortality rate was 0.29% (90/30,714).
- Significantly higher mortality observed in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease, males, and those aged 70+.
- No significant difference in mortality for revision versus primary hip arthroplasty or cemented versus non-cemented implants.
Conclusions:
- Older age, male gender, and cardiorespiratory disease history are key risk factors for 30-day mortality post-hip arthroplasty.
- A significant decline in 30-day mortality rates was observed in the last decade, with a rate of 0.15% in the 1990s.