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Updated: Aug 1, 2026

Analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica Effector Translocation into Host Cells Using Beta-lactamase Effector Fusions
Published on: October 13, 2015
Modulation of Rho GTPases and the actin cytoskeleton by Yersinia outer proteins (Yops)
1Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, München, Germany. aepfelbacher@m3401.mpk.med.uni-muenchen.de
Abstract:
Pathogenic species of the genus Yersinia employ a type III secretion apparatus to inject up to six effector proteins (Yersinia outer proteins; Yops) into host cells. Thereby yersiniae disarm the immune cell system of the host to proliferate extracellularly. At least four of the Yop effectors (YopE, YpkA/YopO, YopT and YopH) are involved in the rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton: YopE, YopT and YpkA/YopO modulate the activity of actin-regulating Rho GTP-binding proteins, whereas YopH dephosphorylates phospho-tyrosine residues in focal adhesion proteins. In this review we will focus on recent evidence implicating Rho GTPases and the actin cytoskeleton as major targets of Yersinia Yops.
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