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Absolute diversification rates in angiosperm clades.

S Magallón1, M J Sanderson

  • 1Section of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis 95616, USA. magallon@ucdavis.edu

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|October 30, 2001
PubMed
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Flowering plant (angiosperm) diversification is rapid, with a net speciation rate of 0.077–0.089 per million years. Some angiosperm clades show unexpectedly high or low species diversity, indicating independent evolution of diversification traits.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Paleobotany
  • Phylogenetics

Background:

  • Flowering plants (angiosperms) exhibit remarkable contemporary species richness and ecological dominance.
  • This diversity is notable given the relatively recent evolutionary diversification of angiosperms.
  • Understanding the drivers of angiosperm diversification is crucial for evolutionary biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the evolutionary diversification of angiosperms and the differential distribution of species across clades.
  • To estimate diversification rates for angiosperms as a whole and for specific clades.
  • To identify angiosperm clades with unexpectedly high or low species diversity relative to background rates.

Main Methods:

  • Compilation of primary phylogenetic studies to establish angiosperm clade relationships and composition.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Integration of paleobotanical data to estimate clade ages.
  • Modeling diversification using a stochastic, time-homogeneous birth-and-death process to estimate diversification (r) and extinction (ε) rates.

    • Main Results:

    • Angiosperm diversification rates range from 0.077 (ε = 0.9) to 0.089 (ε = 0.0) net speciation events per million years.
    • Ten angiosperm clades were identified as exceedingly species-rich, while 13 were found to be unexpectedly species-poor.
    • High species diversity in certain clades appears to result from independent evolution of diversification-enhancing traits, not a characteristic of angiosperms overall.

    Conclusions:

    • Angiosperm diversification is characterized by varying rates across different clades.
    • The study identified specific clades that deviate significantly from expected species diversity.
    • Independent evolution of traits promoting diversification is a key factor in the varied success of angiosperm lineages.