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Related Experiment Videos

Mechanisms underlying spinal cord damage in decompression sickness.

J M Hallenbeck, A A Bove, D H Elliott

    Neurology
    |April 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary

    Decompression sickness can damage the spinal cord by obstructing venous drainage. This study shows that the epidural vertebral venous system obstructs, causing spinal cord infarction during decompression sickness.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Pathology
    • Vascular Biology

    Background:

    • Decompression sickness (DCS) is a risk in diving and hyperbaric exposures.
    • Spinal cord damage is a severe complication of DCS.
    • The precise mechanism of spinal cord injury in DCS remains incompletely understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of the epidural vertebral venous system in spinal cord damage during DCS.
    • To determine if venous obstruction contributes to spinal cord infarction in DCS.

    Main Methods:

    • Induction of DCS in anesthetized dogs using a compression chamber.
    • Monitoring of cerebrospinal fluid and intravascular pressures.
    • Assessment of respiratory and abdominal compression responses.

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  • Cinevenography of the epidural vertebral venous system.
  • Histopathologic examination of neural tissues.

    • Main Results:

    • Spinal cord damage was induced in dogs via simulated dives.
    • Obstruction of the epidural vertebral venous system was observed during DCS.
    • Pressure monitoring indicated altered hemodynamics during DCS.
    • Histopathology confirmed neural damage consistent with infarction.

    Conclusions:

    • The epidural vertebral venous system becomes obstructed during DCS.
    • Obstruction of cord venous drainage in the epidural vertebral venous system is strongly suggested as the cause of spinal cord infarction in DCS.