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Age-related decrease in paired-pulse intracortical inhibition in the human primary motor cortex.

A Peinemann1, C Lehner, B Conrad

  • 1Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Möhlstrasse 28, D-81675 Munich, Germany. alexander.peinemann@neuro.med.tu-muenchen.de

Neuroscience Letters
|October 31, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Aging reduces motor cortex inhibition. Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) revealed decreased intracortical inhibition in older adults, indicating functional brain changes with normal aging.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • The balance between intracortical inhibition and facilitation is crucial for motor control.
  • Age-related changes in motor cortex excitability are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related changes in intracortical inhibition and facilitation using paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).
  • To determine if normal aging affects the balance between inhibitory and facilitatory circuits in the motor cortex.

Main Methods:

  • Paired-pulse TMS was applied to the left primary motor hand area in 26 healthy, right-handed individuals (assessing both young and elderly).
  • Motor evoked potentials were recorded from the right first dorsal interosseus muscle.
  • Short interstimulus intervals (ISIs) of 1-5 ms for inhibition and 11-15 ms for facilitation were used.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • A significant reduction in intracortical paired-pulse inhibition was observed in elderly individuals compared to younger ones at short ISIs (1-5 ms).
  • No significant age-related differences were found in intracortical paired-pulse facilitation at longer ISIs (11-15 ms).

Conclusions:

  • Normal aging is associated with a relative decrease in the excitability of intracortical inhibitory circuits within the motor cortex.
  • Paired-pulse TMS is a valuable non-invasive tool for assessing age-related functional alterations in the motor cortex.