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Magnesium supplementation in pregnancy.

M Makrides1, C A Crowther

  • 1Child Nutrition Research Centre, Child Health Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide, SA, Australia, 5006. makridesm@mail.wch.sa.gov.au

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|November 1, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Magnesium supplementation during pregnancy may reduce preterm birth and low birth weight, but evidence is limited. More high-quality research is needed to confirm the benefits of magnesium for maternal and infant health.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Perinatal Medicine

Background:

  • Many pregnant women have insufficient magnesium intake, particularly from disadvantaged backgrounds.
  • Low magnesium levels may be linked to fetal growth restriction and pre-eclampsia.
  • Magnesium supplementation is being investigated for its potential to improve pregnancy outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of magnesium supplementation during pregnancy on maternal, neonatal, and pediatric outcomes.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials.

Main Methods:

  • Searched the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register up to June 2001.
  • Included randomized and quasi-randomized trials of dietary magnesium supplementation in pregnancy.

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  • Assessed study quality and extracted data independently.

    • Main Results:

    • Seven trials with 2689 women were analyzed.
    • Magnesium supplementation showed potential benefits, including reduced preterm birth, low birth weight, and hospitalizations.
    • However, these benefits were not consistently observed when a large cluster trial was excluded, and only one trial was high quality.

    Conclusions:

    • Current evidence from high-quality trials is insufficient to confirm the benefits of magnesium supplementation during pregnancy.
    • Further rigorous research is required to establish the efficacy and safety of magnesium supplementation in pregnancy.