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[Viral hepatitis E. Current knowledge and future problems].

L Calza1, E Briganti, G Verucchi

  • 1Sezione di Malattie Infettive, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica Specialistica e Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Bologna.

Annali Italiani Di Medicina Interna : Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana Di Medicina Interna
|November 2, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Hepatitis E is a significant enterically-transmitted liver disease causing epidemics globally. While typically self-limiting, it poses severe risks to pregnant women, and effective vaccines are still under development.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Context:

  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a primary cause of enterically transmitted hepatitis.
  • Epidemics are common in developing nations due to contaminated drinking water.
  • Sporadic cases occur in industrialized countries, often linked to travel or origin from endemic areas.

Purpose:

  • To review the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and current management of Hepatitis E.
  • To highlight the potential for HEV circulation in non-endemic regions.

Summary:

  • Hepatitis E is a self-limiting acute liver disease with a mortality rate of 0.4-4%.
  • Pregnant women face a significantly higher mortality risk, up to 20%.
  • Diagnostic tools include enzyme immunoassays and polymerase chain reaction.

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Impact:

  • Current treatments like immune serum globulins show limited efficacy.
  • There are no approved vaccines for Hepatitis E, with candidates not yet in clinical trials.
  • Understanding HEV's global presence is crucial for public health interventions.