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Related Experiment Videos

Magnetic-field-induced insulating behavior in highly oriented pyrolitic graphite.

D V Khveshchenko1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599.

Physical Review Letters
|November 3, 2001
PubMed
Summary

A magnetic field induces a semimetal-insulator transition in graphite by opening an excitonic gap. This phenomenon mirrors dynamical chiral symmetry breaking in relativistic (2+1)-dimensional Dirac fermion theories.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Field Theory

Background:

  • Highly oriented pyrolitic graphite exhibits an apparent semimetal-insulator transition under specific magnetic field conditions.
  • Understanding this transition is crucial for exploring exotic electronic properties in low-dimensional materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a theoretical explanation for the observed semimetal-insulator transition in graphite.
  • To elucidate the role of magnetic fields and Coulomb interactions in this phenomenon.
  • To draw parallels with fundamental concepts in quantum field theory.

Main Methods:

  • A strong-coupling approach is employed to analyze the system.
  • The study focuses on Coulomb-interacting quasiparticles within a linear spectrum.

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  • The methodology allows for a nonperturbative description of critical behavior.

    • Main Results:

    • The applied magnetic field perpendicular to the graphite layers opens an excitonic gap.
    • This gap formation is analogous to dynamical chiral symmetry breaking in (2+1)-dimensional Dirac fermion theories.
    • The strong-coupling approach successfully describes the critical behavior associated with the transition.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed mechanism explains the semimetal-insulator transition in graphite.
    • The findings highlight a deep connection between condensed matter phenomena and relativistic quantum field theory.
    • The nonperturbative strong-coupling method offers a robust framework for studying critical phenomena.